Postmodernism is associated with which set of concepts?

• A. Postmodernism
• B. Modernism
• C. Realism
• D. Naturalism

Answer: (A)

Postmodernism is defined by ideas that question fixed meanings and embrace the mediated, constructed nature of reality. In media theory, this shows up as fragmentation, irony, intertextuality, pastiche, metafiction, and the sense that meaning is produced through signs rather than discovered as an objective truth. It often involves mixing different styles (high and low culture), referencing other texts, and a focus on how simulations or hyperreal experiences shape what we take as ‘real.’ These characteristics distinguish postmodern thinking from other approaches: modernism tends to trust progress and new forms, realism aims to depict life as it appears, and naturalism emphasizes determinism and more deterministic portrayals of society.